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Barley Harvest Annual Report 2021

Quality data for individual malting barley varieties

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CDC Copeland

CDC Copeland remains the predominant malting barley variety grown in western Canada in 2021. Its excellent brewing characteristics, combined with lower protein and enzyme levels than AC Metcalfe, provides an excellent balance among malting barley varieties.

Table 4.1 Quality data for CDC Copeland malting barleyFootnote1
Origin of selected samples Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Prairie Provinces
Crop year 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2016-2020 Average
Number of samples 12 12 10 17 4 4 26 33 -
Tonnage represented by samples (thousands of tonnes)Footnote2 85 324 152 655 11 53 248 1,032 1,012
Barley
Test Weight (kg/hL) 64.1 67.1 63.7 66.5 63.2 66.6 63.8 66.7 66.9
1000 kernel weight (g) 44.6 44.1 42.7 44.9 42.5 45.4 43.4 44.7 45.9
Plump, over 6/64" sieve (%) 96.2 90.5 95.4 91.7 95.4 91.6 95.7 91.3 93.3
Intermediate, over 5/64" sieve (%) 2.8 7.9 3.3 6.9 3.3 6.8 3.1 7.2 5.2
MoistureFootnote3 (%) 12.0 10.8 12.5 11.8 11.9 10.6 12.3 11.4 12.0
Protein (%, db) 13.0 11.6 13.5 11.8 13.1 11.5 13.3 11.7 11.4
Germination, 4 ml (%) 99 100 99 99 98 99 99 99 99
Germination, 8 ml (%) 90 98 92 98 89 96 91 98 95
Malt
Yield (%) 90.2 91.5 89.2 90.5 89.1 91.0 89.5 90.8 91.2
Steep-out moisture (%) 46.1 45.1 46.7 45.6 46.8 45.4 46.5 45.4 45.0
Friability (%) 74.1 78.6 72.4 78.2 75.8 80.1 73.1 78.4 77.1
Moisture (%) 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.1 4.4 4.4 5.0
Protein (%, db) 13.0 11.5 13.6 11.8 13.1 11.4 13.4 11.7 11.6
Diastatic power (°, db) 181 146 189 156 189 148 186 157 157
α-Amylase (DU, db) 80.2 73.1 80.3 74.7 83.2 75.8 80.4 74.3 71.0
Wort
Fine grind extract (F) (%, db) 78.9 80.5 78.6 80.2 78.9 80.8 78.8 80.3 80.8
Coarse grind extract (C) (%, db) 78.1 79.8 77.8 79.7 78.0 79.8 77.9 79.7 80.1
F-C difference (%, db) 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.7
ß-Glucan (mg/L) 91 85 79 83 81 90 83 84 91
Viscosity (cP) 1.43 1.45 1.42 1.43 1.42 1.44 1.42 1.44 1.44
Soluble protein (%, db) 5.35 5.12 5.52 5.15 5.48 5.15 5.46 5.14 4.62
Ratio S/T (%) 41.2 44.5 40.6 43.8 41.7 45.2 40.8 44.1 39.8
FAN (mg/L) 190 179 210 185 201 182 203 183 187
Colour (º) 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.9

AAC Synergy

The popularity of AAC Synergy on the prairies continues to increase. AAC Synergy is a high-yielding variety that is characterized by relatively high kernel weight and plumpness, and relatively low grain protein content. AAC Synergy has shorter and stronger straw than AC Metcalfe and CDC Copeland. It is resistant to spotted net blotch, netted net blotch and spot blotch. AAC Synergy has a desirable malting quality profile with high malt extract, good protein modification, low levels of wort β-glucans, and intermediate levels of starch-degrading enzymes. Overall, AAC Synergy’s excellent combination of agronomic traits and malting quality makes it a desirable two-rowed malting barley variety for western Canadian producers and the malting and brewing industry.

Table 4.2 Quality data for AAC Synergy malting barleyFootnote1
Origin of selected samples Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Prairie Provinces
Crop year 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2021 2020 2016-2020 Average
Number of samples 12 11 8 11 2 5 22 27 -
Tonnage represented by samples (thousands of tonnes)Footnote2 80 237 81 225 6.8 18 168 480 231
Barley
Test Weight (kg/hL) 65.5 67.6 65.5 67.4 64.9 66.6 65.5 67.5 67.1
1000 kernel weight (g) 50.0 47.6 46.2 47.6 46.2 47.6 48.0 47.6 47.7
Plump, over 6/64" sieve (%) 97.3 95.3 96.7 94.6 96.2 94.3 97.0 95.0 96.0
Intermediate, over 5/64" sieve (%) 1.4 3.6 2.4 4.3 2.8 4.5 2.0 3.9 3.0
MoistureFootnote3 (%) 12.4 11.8 12.8 11.6 12.3 10.5 12.6 11.7 12.2
Protein (%, db) 12.5 11.2 13.2 11.9 13.2 11.9 12.9 11.5 11.2
Germination, 4 ml (%) 95 99 99 99 99 98 97 99 99
Germination, 8 ml (%) 90 93 96 96 94 93 93 94 91
Malt
Yield (%) 90.3 89.5 90.2 90.2 89.2 89.7 90.2 89.8 90.8
Steep-out moisture (%) 47.0 46.5 46.2 46.2 47.2 46.7 46.6 46.4 45.8
Friability (%) 59.3 77.7 65.6 73.9 63.9 72.3 62.6 75.7 74.2
Moisture (%) 4.9 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.8 4.7 5.1
Protein (%, db) 12.3 11.0 13.1 11.7 12.8 11.7 12.7 11.3 11.3
Diastatic power (°, db) 163 158 169 167 168 173 166 163 161
α-Amylase (DU, db) 77.3 82.1 81.8 83.5 85.7 87.6 79.8 82.9 78.6
Wort
Fine grind extract (F) (%, db) 79.5 81.1 78.2 80.9 78.3 81.0 78.8 81.0 81.3
Coarse grind extract (C) (%, db) 78.7 80.8 77.4 80.4 77.9 80.4 78.0 80.6 80.9
F-C difference (%, db) 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.8 0.4 0.4
ß-Glucan (mg/L) 70 68 74 66 67 69 72 67 69
Viscosity (cP) 1.41 1.42 1.40 1.41 1.39 1.41 1.40 1.42 1.42
Soluble protein (%, db) 5.10 4.99 4.88 5.03 4.98 5.12 4.99 5.01 4.5
Ratio S/T (%) 41.5 45.6 37.3 43.2 38.8 43.9 39.4 44.4 40.2
FAN (mg/L) 194 169 184 170 191 176 189 170 176
Colour (º) 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.8

AAC Connect

AAC Connect, registered in 2016, was a popular choice this year. It has excellent agronomic traits and disease resistance: shorter and stronger straw than AC Metcalfe and CDC Copeland, heavier and plumper kernels than AC Metcalfe and CDC Copeland, maturity similar to AC Metcalfe, resistance to spotted net blotch, surface-borne smuts and stem rust, and moderate resistance to fusarium head blight (FHB). This variety offers high extract, moderate to high enzymes and relatively low FAN levels, as well as good brewhouse performance and fermentability.

Table 4.3 Quality data for AAC Connect malting barleyFootnote1
Origin of selected samples Alberta Saskatchewan Manitoba Prairie Provinces
Crop year 2021 2021 2021 2021 2020 2017-2020 Average
Number of samples 8 9 13 30 21 -
Tonnage represented by samples (thousands of tonnes)Footnote2 33 39 6 78 72 22
Barley
Test Weight (kg/hL) 65.1 65.1 64.6 65.0 67.9 67.5
1000 kernel weight (g) 47.0 45.9 46.6 46.4 49.5 50.9
Plump, over 6/64" sieve (%) 95.6 95.2 95.2 95.4 94.4 95.8
Intermediate, over 5/64" sieve (%) 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.4 4.4 3.3
MoistureFootnote3 (%) 12.2 12.2 12.8 12.6 11.8 13.2
Protein (%, db) 13.2 13.6 13.1 13.4 11.8 11.3
Germination, 4 ml (%) 98 99 99 99 98 99
Germination, 8 ml (%) 92 96 95 94 95 93
Malt
Yield (%) 90.2 89.9 89.9 90.0 89.8 91.2
Steep-out moisture (%) 46.3 46.2 46.8 46.3 46.0 45.0
Friability (%) 71.1 72.5 78.3 72.3 80.5 80.2
Moisture (%) 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.9
Protein (%, db) 13.4 13.6 13.1 13.4 11.7 11.3
Diastatic power (°, db) 200 206 192 203 172 166
α-Amylase (DU, db) 91.4 94.9 89.1 93.0 85.8 77.7
Wort
Fine grind extract (F) (%, db) 79.5 79.1 79.4 79.3 81.6 82.1
Coarse grind extract (C) (%, db) 78.7 78.2 78.7 78.4 81.3 81.5
F-C difference (%, db) 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9 0.3 0.6
ß-Glucan (mg/L) 95 97 89 80 79 80
Viscosity (cP) 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.41 1.42 1.43
Soluble protein (%, db) 5.23 5.18 5.08 5.19 5.05 4.27
Ratio S/T (%) 39.2 37.8 38.4 38.4 43.2 37.7
FAN (mg/L) 194 191 188 192 163 150
Colour (º) 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.8

AC Metcalfe

In 2021, the production of AC Metcalfe declined drastically with only 11% of the area seeded with malting barley growing this variety. With high levels of starch-degrading enzymes, however, AC Metcalfe exhibits excellent brewing performance.

Table 4.4 Quality data for AC Metcalfe malting barleyFootnote1
Origin of selected samples Prairie Provinces
Crop year 2021 2020 2019 2016-2020 Average
Number of samples 7 19 16 -
Tonnage represented by samples (thousands of tonnes)Footnote2 53 365 390 598
Barley
Test Weight (kg/hL) 67.2 68.4 66.9 68.6
1000 kernel weight (g) 43.6 44.0 43.3 44.4
Plump, over 6/64" sieve (%) 95.9 91.6 90.8 92.6
Intermediate, over 5/64" sieve (%) 2.7 6.7 7.5 5.7
MoistureFootnote3 (%) 12.4 11.9 13.2 12.0
Protein (%, db) 13.2 12.3 12.2 12.1
Germination, 4 ml (%) 99 99 97 98
Germination, 8 ml (%) 95 93 89 92
Malt
Yield (%) 90.2 90.1 91.3 90.7
Steep-out moisture (%) 46.1 46.1 45.9 45.3
Friability (%) 70.5 65.9 58.7 64.8
Moisture (%) 4.5 4.8 5.3 5.3
Protein (%, db) 13.4 12.1 12.2 12.1
Diastatic power (°, db) 186 191 198 188
α-Amylase (DU, db) 91.4 94.6 87.5 92.2
Wort
Fine grind extract (F) (%, db) 78.8 80.7 81.2 81.1
Coarse grind extract (C) (%, db) 78.3 80.2 80.6 80.4
F-C difference (%, db) 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7
ß-Glucan (mg/L) 86 85 122 93
Viscosity (cP) 1.42 1.43 1.44 1.43
Soluble protein (%, db) 5.35 5.29 5.02 4.83
Ratio S/T (%) 39.9 43.6 41.1 39.9
FAN (mg/L) 225 199 200 202
Colour (º) 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.0

CDC Fraser

CDC Fraser, registered in 2016, is a high yielding variety with shorter and stronger straw and excellent lodging resistance. Its yields are 14% higher than AC Metcalfe and 8% higher than CDC Copeland. High kernel weight and plumpness and good resistance to spot blotch and spotted net blotch characterize CDC Fraser. This variety offers high extract, and high enzyme and FAN levels.

Table 4.5 Quality data for CDC Fraser malting barleyFootnote1
Origin of selected samples Prairie Provinces
Crop year 2021 2020 2019 2018-2020 Average
Number of samples 11 13 4 -
Tonnage represented by samples (thousands of tonnes)Footnote2 33 7.7 2.2 2.7
Barley
Test Weight (kg/hL) 64.6 66.7 66.5 67.5
1000 kernel weight (g) 45.9 48.7 49.5 51.0
Plump, over 6/64" sieve (%) 97.2 95.6 97.0 97.4
Intermediate, over 5/64" sieve (%) 1.7 3.3 1.8 1.7
MoistureFootnote3 (%) 12.7 12.5 14.3 13.0
Protein (%, db) 13.1 11.3 10.5 11.0
Germination, 4 ml (%) 99 98 99 99
Germination, 8 ml (%) 91 84 89 91
Malt
Yield (%) 88.6 88.9 90.2 90.1
Steep-out moisture (%) 47.1 47.4 46.2 46.4
Friability (%) 82.5 87.7 83.6 82.8
Moisture (%) 4.6 4.7 5.4 5.2
Protein (%, db) 13.2 11.2 10.7 11.0
Diastatic power (°, db) 182 174 165 173
α-Amylase (DU, db) 90.7 83.8 68.6 77.9
Wort
Fine grind extract (F) (%, db) 78.7 81.6 82.7 82.1
Coarse grind extract (C) (%, db) 78.1 81.2 82.4 81.9
F-C difference (%, db) 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.2
ß-Glucan (mg/L) 66 67 99 81
Viscosity (cP) 1.40 1.43 1.42 1.42
Soluble protein (%, db) 5.34 5.44 4.61 4.77
Ratio S/T (%) 40.5 48.8 43.3 43.4
FAN (mg/L) 225 188 186 186
Colour (º) 2.1 2.5 2.0 2.1

CDC Bow

CDC Bow, registered in 2015, is a high-yielding malting barley variety with excellent agronomic traits and disease resistance. Its yields are 9% higher than AC Metcalfe and 3% higher than CDC Copeland. CDC Bow has strong straw and good resistance to lodging. It is resistant to covered smut and stem rust. It is characterized by high kernel weight and plumpness. CDC Bow offers high extract, moderate to high enzymes, high FAN levels, high fermentability and good overall brewhouse performance.

Table 4.6 Quality data for CDC Bow malting barleyFootnote1
Origin of selected samples Prairie Provinces
Crop year 2021 2020 2019 2017-2020 Average
Number of samples 4 17 12 -
Tonnage represented by samples (thousands of tonnes)Footnote2 12.7 11.2 6.0 5.5
Barley
Test Weight (kg/hL) 65.7 68.5 67.9 68.8
1000 kernel weight (g) 47.6 48.7 49.7 50.4
Plump, over 6/64" sieve (%) 97.3 95.8 97.8 96.9
Intermediate, over 5/64" sieve (%) 2.0 2.9 1.6 2.2
MoistureFootnote3 (%) 11.8 11.7 13.8 12.6
Protein (%, db) 12.8 10.9 10.4 10.8
Germination, 4 ml (%) 98 98 98 99
Germination, 8 ml (%) 91 88 89 93
Malt
Yield (%) 89.2 89.8 91.1 90.8
Steep-out moisture (%) 47.0 46.1 46.1 45.4
Friability (%) 78.1 83.0 76.8 79.6
Moisture (%) 4.6 4.6 5.0 4.7
Protein (%, db) 12.6 10.8 10.4 10.8
Diastatic power (°, db) 176 153 154 154
α-Amylase (DU, db) 81.5 87.5 72.5 76.8
Wort
Fine grind extract (F) (%, db) 79.7 81.8 82.6 82.3
Coarse grind extract (C) (%, db) 79.3 81.6 82.2 82.0
F-C difference (%, db) 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.3
ß-Glucan (mg/L) 72 85 110 88
Viscosity (cP) 1.41 1.42 1.45 1.44
Soluble protein (%, db) 5.83 5.37 4.90 4.83
Ratio S/T (%) 46.2 50.0 46.0 44.8
FAN (mg/L) 242 194 207 194
Colour (º) 2.4 2.3 2.0 2.0

CDC Copper

CDC Copper is a recently registered variety (2018) with still very limited production on the prairies. It is a high yielding variety with a strong leaf disease package. It is a low grain protein variety with malt enzymatic activity similar to Copeland and high extract potential.

Table 4.7 Quality data for CDC Copper malting barleyFootnote1
Origin of selected samples Prairie Provinces
Crop year 2021 2020
Number of samples 4 6
Barley
Test Weight (kg/hL) 65.7 66.8
1000 kernel weight (g) 45.9 47.7
Plump, over 6/64" sieve (%) 94.5 94.3
Intermediate, over 5/64" sieve (%) 4.2 4.6
MoistureFootnote3 (%) 13.2 12.8
Protein (%, db) 13.3 10.8
Germination, 4 ml (%) 98 97
Germination, 8 ml (%) 96 63
Malt
Yield (%) 89.1 88.3
Steep-out moisture (%) 47.0 47.6
Friability (%) 63.6 80.8
Moisture (%) 5.1 4.7
Protein (%, db) 13.2 11.0
Diastatic power (°, db) 170 152
α-Amylase (DU, db) 74.5 74.7
Wort
Fine grind extract (F) (%, db) 78.1 81.5
Coarse grind extract (C) (%, db) 77.5 81.0
F-C difference (%, db) 0.6 0.5
ß-Glucan (mg/L) 82 80
Viscosity (cP) 1.43 1.45
Soluble protein (%, db) 4.64 4.98
Ratio S/T (%) 35.2 45.6
FAN (mg/L) 169 157
Colour (º) 2.1 3.2

CDC Churchill

CDC Churchill is a recently registered variety (2019) with still very limited production on the prairies. It is a high yielding variety with low grain protein, low to moderate levels of malt enzymes, low wort β-glucans, and high extract potential.

Table 4.8 Quality data for CDC Churchill malting barleyFootnote1
Origin of selected samples Prairie Provinces
Crop year 2021 2020
Number of samples 3 5
Barley
Test Weight (kg/hL) 64.9 69.5
1000 kernel weight (g) 46.7 47.5
Plump, over 6/64" sieve (%) 95.2 93.4
Intermediate, over 5/64" sieve (%) 3.8 5.3
MoistureFootnote3 (%) 11.5 12.0
Protein (%, db) 13.7 10.6
Germination, 4 ml (%) 99 99
Germination, 8 ml (%) 96 82
Malt
Yield (%) 90.7 90.0
Steep-out moisture (%) 45.7 45.4
Friability (%) 71.9 83.0
Moisture (%) 4.8 4.6
Protein (%, db) 13.9 11.0
Diastatic power (°, db) 188 146
α-Amylase (DU, db) 87.0 76.4
Wort
Fine grind extract (F) (%, db) 78.9 81.8
Coarse grind extract (C) (%, db) 78.0 81.4
F-C difference (%, db) 0.9 0.4
ß-Glucan (mg/L) 99 85
Viscosity (cP) 1.41 1.43
Soluble protein (%, db) 5.09 4.82
Ratio S/T (%) 36.6 43.9
FAN (mg/L) 178 160
Colour (º) 1.7 2.0

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